Nootropics are substances that enhance cognitive performance or, simply put, brain health. They are categorised into two main types:

1. Natural Nootropics

Derived from plants, fungi, and other natural sources, these include adaptogens like Lion’s Mane and Cordyceps, as well as compounds like caffeine and ginkgo biloba.

2. Synthetic Nootropics

These are lab-created substances, such as racetams (e.g., piracetam) and modafinil, designed to improve specific brain functions.

For an extended list of nootropics and their benefits, click here.

Possible Uses of Nootropics

• Enhance Memory: Improve recall and long-term memory formation.
• Boost Focus and Attention: Sharpen concentration and reduce mental fatigue.
• Promote Creativity: Support divergent thinking and problem-solving skills.
• Reduce Stress and Anxiety: Modulate stress responses for clearer thinking under pressure.
• Support Neuroprotection: Protect brain cells from oxidative damage and aging.

For an extended list of nootropics and their benefits, click here.

 

The Science: Do Nootropics Work in Practice?

Nootropics, often referred to as "smart drugs" or cognitive enhancers, are substances that aim to improve cognitive functions such as memory, focus, and creativity. Their efficacy is attributed to several mechanisms:

1. Neurotransmitter Modulation

Nootropics can influence neurotransmitter systems, enhancing communication between neurons.

Example: Lion’s Mane Mushroom (*Hericium erinaceus*) contains compounds like hericenones and erinacines, which stimulate the production of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). NGF is essential for the growth, maintenance, and survival of neurons, thereby supporting neuronal communication and repair (Restorative Medicine, 2023).

2. Improved Blood Flow

Certain nootropics enhance cerebral circulation, ensuring the brain receives adequate oxygen and nutrients.

Example: Ginkgo Biloba has been shown to improve blood flow to the brain, which can enhance cognitive function and memory.

3. Neuroprotection

Nootropics often contain antioxidants that combat oxidative stress and reduce inflammation, protecting neurons from damage.

Example: Cordyceps Mushroom contains cordycepin, a compound that has demonstrated neuroprotective effects by inhibiting neuroinflammation and supporting mitochondrial function, which is crucial for energy production in brain cells (Biomed Central, 2021).

4. Adaptogenic Support

Adaptogens help the body adapt to stress, potentially improving cognitive function under stressful conditions.

Example: Lion’s Mane and Cordyceps Mushrooms are considered adaptogens. Lion’s Mane has been associated with reducing anxiety and depression in animal studies, while Cordyceps is traditionally used to combat fatigue and enhance stamina, which may indirectly support cognitive function (Cleveland Clinic, 2023).

Additional Resources

• 9 Memory-Boosting Supplements (Health.com, 2023)
• 8 Foods High in Adaptogens and Why They Matter (Real Simple, 2023)

While these mechanisms are supported by preliminary research, it's important to note that the efficacy and safety of nootropics can vary among individuals. More extensive clinical studies are needed to fully understand their benefits and potential side effects. Consulting with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen is advisable.

Natural Nootropics: Cordyceps and Lion’s Mane | YourEdge

Natural Nootropics: Spotlight on Cordyceps and Lion’s Mane

1. Cordyceps: The Energy Booster

Cordyceps, a medicinal mushroom, has been celebrated for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine. While it’s often associated with physical stamina, its cognitive benefits are equally impressive.

• How It Works: Cordyceps enhances oxygen utilisation and ATP production, improving brain energy and reducing mental fatigue. It also contains beta-glucans that reduce neuroinflammation, promoting clearer thinking and focus.

Try it: YourEdge Cordyceps Mushroom Powder is an ideal daily supplement to be mixed with tea or coffee.

2. Lion’s Mane: The Brain Builder

Lion’s Mane (Hericium erinaceus) is often referred to as “nature’s nootropic” for its ability to enhance cognitive function and protect against neurological decline.

• How It Works:
• Stimulates Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), supporting neurogenesis (growth of new brain cells).
• Enhances memory, focus, and mood by promoting connectivity in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
• Provides antioxidants that protect against oxidative stress, a key factor in age-related cognitive decline.

Use case: Students, professionals, and anyone looking to improve memory, focus, or prevent brain fog.

Coming soon: YourEdge Lion’s Mane Capsules and Lion’s Mane Powder.

Synthetic Nootropics: Are They Worth It?

While natural nootropics are gaining popularity, synthetic nootropics are still a significant part of the cognitive enhancement world. Substances like piracetam and modafinil offer potent benefits but often come with risks, including dependency and side effects.

For those looking for safe, long-term cognitive support, natural nootropics like Lion’s Mane and Cordyceps provide a more sustainable and safer option.

How to Incorporate Nootropics into Your Routine

1. Morning Kickstart: Start your day with Cordyceps Mushroom Coffee or mix Lion’s Mane powder into your smoothie for a mental energy boost.
2. Midday Clarity: Use Lion’s Mane Capsules to combat midday brain fog and maintain productivity.

or try...

Evening Wind-Down: Pair Lion’s Mane with calming adaptogens like ashwagandha to support relaxation and recovery without compromising cognitive function.

Appendix 1: Extended list of Nootropic examples.

Natural Nootropics

These nootropics are derived from plants, fungi, or other natural sources and have been extensively studied for their cognitive benefits:

• Bacopa Monnieri
  Known for its memory-enhancing properties and stress reduction. Studies suggest it improves recall and processing speed through antioxidant activity (Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 2021).
• Rhodiola Rosea
  An adaptogenic herb that reduces fatigue and enhances mental performance, particularly under stress. It helps balance the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis (BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012).
• Ashwagandha
  Used in Ayurvedic medicine to reduce cortisol levels and enhance focus and cognitive resilience. It has neuroprotective properties, making it effective for reducing anxiety and supporting brain health. A clinical trial found that acute and 30-day Ashwagandha supplementation improves cognitive function and mood markers, showing significant benefits in memory, attention, and well-being without adverse effects (News-Medical.net, 2024).
• Panax Ginseng
  Improves working memory, focus, and cognitive function, especially in older adults. It works by supporting glucose metabolism in the brain. Studies have shown that Panax ginseng can improve performance and subjective feelings of mental fatigue during sustained mental activity (Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation, 2017).
• L-Theanine (often combined with caffeine)
  Found in green tea, it enhances relaxation without sedation and synergistically boosts focus when paired with caffeine. Research indicates that L-Theanine, especially when combined with caffeine, can improve attention and alertness (Nutrients, 2019).
• Gotu Kola (Centella Asiatica)
  Traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine for cognitive enhancement and anxiety reduction. Studies indicate its role in improving memory and protecting against neurodegeneration. Research suggests that Gotu Kola supplementation can enhance cognitive function and mood in healthy older adults (PubMed, 2020).

Synthetic Nootropics

Synthetic nootropics are designed for targeted cognitive enhancement and are widely used in research and clinical practice:

• Noopept (N-Phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester)
  A synthetic peptide purported to enhance cognitive function by modulating glutamate receptors and exhibiting neuroprotective properties. However, comprehensive clinical studies in humans are limited, and its efficacy and safety require further investigation. (Wikipedia)
• Piracetam
  The first synthetic nootropic, developed to enhance cognitive functions. Some studies suggest it may improve memory and learning in individuals with cognitive impairments, but evidence in healthy individuals is inconclusive. (MDPI, 2022)
• Phenylpiracetam
  A derivative of piracetam, claimed to boost cognitive function and physical stamina. Research is limited, and more studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety. (MDPI, 2022)
• Modafinil
  A wakefulness-promoting agent used to treat sleep disorders. Some studies indicate it may enhance cognitive functions such as attention and learning in sleep-deprived individuals, but its use as a cognitive enhancer in healthy individuals is not well-supported. (WebMD)
• Aniracetam
  Believed to enhance memory and reduce anxiety by modulating neurotransmitter receptors. Scientific evidence supporting these claims is limited, and further research is necessary. (MDPI, 2022)

Additional Emerging Nootropics

• Phosphatidylserine
  A natural compound found in the brain that supports memory and cognitive function. Supplementation has been shown to improve cognitive performance in the elderly. A clinical trial reported that phosphatidylserine supplementation improved cognitive function in elderly participants with memory complaints (Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation).
• Huperzine A
  Extracted from Chinese club moss, this compound inhibits acetylcholinesterase, enhancing acetylcholine levels in the brain. It has been studied for Alzheimer's disease and cognitive enhancement. A systematic review and meta-analysis concluded that Huperzine A could improve cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease (PLOS ONE, 2013).
• Creatine
  Known for its role in energy production, creatine also supports brain energy metabolism and cognitive performance, especially under sleep deprivation. Research has shown that creatine supplementation can improve cognitive performance in sleep-deprived individuals (PsyPost, 2023).
• Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR)
  Enhances mitochondrial energy production, reducing mental fatigue and improving cognitive flexibility. Studies have indicated that ALCAR supplementation can improve cognitive function and reduce mental fatigue. A review highlighted that ALCAR has potential neuroprotective effects and may improve cognitive function in aging and neurodegenerative diseases (MDPI, 2020).